Public Access Defibrilation

Enhancing Public Access Defibrilation

Location: Lagos, Nigeria

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigeria’s healthcare system ranks among the poorest in the world.

In 2019, SAVE-a-HEART: Enhancing Public Access Defibrillation (E-PAD) in Nigeria Project kicked off, with the goal to: Improve Quality of Life and enhance Population Health through a fit for purpose Medical Emergency Response.

Its first objective was to create a national AED registry in Nigeria. A pilot study was carried out, you can find the survey report here.

Public Access Defibrilation - Survival Chain

Cardiac arrest is a sudden loss of heart function in which there is malfunctioning of the heart electrical activities. The heart stops beating properly hence said to have arrested or ceased in function. This may occur suddenly or preceded by some symptoms. It can occur anytime, anywhere and to anybody. Death becomes inevitable in victims of cardiac arrest if prompt intervention is not taken.

Cardiac arrest may be reversible if there is timely intervention with adequate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed and a defibrillator is used. The combination of these actions can restore a normal heart rhythm within a few minutes

Public Access Defibrilation - Hospitalizations

The promptness and time interval in which CPR as well as defibrillation with an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is carried out will determine the survival of the patient. It is estimated that 70 to 80 percent of sudden cardiac arrest incidents happen outside the hospital, and for every minute that passes without adequate and effective CPR and defibrillation, a Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) victim’s chance of survival decreases by 7 to 10 percent.

Public Access Defibrilation - survival rates

It is also estimated that with effective bystander intervention through Basic Life Support (BLS), Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and correct use of Automated External Defibrillator (AED), survival triples to 31.4 percent.

With the growing number of non-communicable diseases in Nigeria, and the many unrecorded cases of ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest, the incidence of Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) and avoidable deaths could be higher.

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